Boops boops

Bogue
Boops boops in a bucket
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Boops
Species: B. boops
Binomial name
Boops boops
Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms

Boops canariensis Valenciennes, 1839
Box boops Linnaeus, 1758
Box vulgaris Valenciennes 1830
Sparus boops Linnaeus, 1758

Boops boops, called the bogue, is a species of seabream native to the eastern Atlantic.[1] Its scientific name, and its common names in many languages, refers to its large ("bug") eyes. It is found off the coasts of Europe, Africa, the Azores and the Canary Islands, from Norway to Angola, and in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The species avoids brackish waters such as the Baltic Sea. A demersal and semi-pelagic feeder, it can generally be found down to 100 m, and infrequently down to 350 m. It consumes seaweed, crustaceans, and some plankton, in schools that rise to the surface at night. Individuals can reach 36 cm, but average 20 cm.

Sex determination in Boops boops is unclear. It has variously been described as a rudimentary hermaphrodite, with a few intersex individuals, or a protogynic hermaphrodite, with individuals starting out life as females, and some becoming male later on.

It is commercially fished, with 37,830 t taken in 2008.[1] When cleaned and pan fried, broiled or baked fresh, they are good tasting, but when stored their gut flora soon spread unpleasant flavors to their flesh.[2] Much of the catch is used for fishmeal or tuna fishing bait.

Parasites

Bogue are host to a wide variety of parasites, ranging from metazoans such as Digenean flatworms, Acanthocephalan spiny-headed worms, nematode roundworms, isopod and copepod crustaceans and Myxozoan cnidarians to the unicellular dinoflagellate Ichthyodinium chabelardi, a parasite that is lethal to eggs developing in ovaries. At least 67 metazoan parasite species have been reported from Boops boops, and their community structures are well studied by scientists.[3] For example, in the aftermath of the 2002 Prestige oil spill the community of parasitic species inhabiting bogue caught off the coast of Spain was found to be noticeably altered.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b "Boops boops". Fisheries Global Information System. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/2385/en. Retrieved 16 January 2011. 
  2. ^ "Chemical and sensory changes associated with microbial flora of Mediterranean Boque (Boops boops) stored aerobically at 0, 3, 7, and 10°C". Applied and Environmental Microbiology (American Society for Microbiology) 65 (2): 698–706. 1999. 
  3. ^ Olmo, Ana Pérez-del; Fernández, Mercedes; Gibson, David I.; Raga, Juan Antonio; Kostadinova, Aneta. "Descriptions of some unusual digeneans from Boops boops L. (Sparidae) and a complete checklist of its metazoan parasites". Sytematic Parasitology (Springer) 66 (2): 137–157. doi:10.1007/s11230-006-9063-5. 
  4. ^ Pérez-del Olmo, A.; Raga, J.A.; Kostadinova, A.; Fernández, M. (2007). "Parasite communities in Boops boops (L.) (Sparidae) after the Prestige oil-spill: Detectable alterations". Marine Pollution Bulletin (Elsevier) 54 (3): 266–276. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.10.003. 

External links